According to Social Contact Theory, “Morality consists in the set of rules governing how people treat each”, so we believe it’s unethical for this to be happening. It’s wrong, morally unacceptable for someone to secretly photograph other members with those small phones. This will be violating their privacy, because we do not know what purpose are those images going to be used, no matter what reason, they should be photographed with their permission. It continues to state that “rational people will agree to accept for their mutual benefit, on the condition that others will follow”. These statements back up, and in this case, rational people will agree, no one wants to be photographed, and these benefit all. So we believe that as much as everyone has the right of privacy, it should not be invaded, no one has that duty. One has the right to have their cell phones, but not to film or photograph others in the Health Club. So to deal with this issue, the Health Club can make rules that when members go in their changing room, phones are not allowed, these should be stated in the contract and the customers have to adhere to it by agreeing in the contract.
Question 2:
Pros of Criminal background check on the candidate
1: Reduce theft and embezzlement: this helps to know the person you are hiring. It’s difficult to trust people with what they just tell you about themselves. So knowing their background can increase confidence level. You do not want to hire a thief who will bring your company down or destroy your reputation.
2: Check for potential discipline problems: This type of information is particularly hard to get from past employers due to fear of defamation lawsuits. Most employers want to know this type of information about potential employees as it has a bearing on employee success and organizational liability.
3: Discourage applicants who have something to hide.
4: Decrease workplace violence
Cons of Criminal background check on the candidate
1: Inaccuracies such as mistaken identity may affect the judgment and outcome of the results and thus losing a quality candidate.
2: Time can be wasted in checking for the record, as others take a longer time to release them.
3: Some people can be painted with a brush of a certain crime, not that they
So we analyses thus scenario based on Kantianism, where we believe that these is ethical. Knowing the background is more beneficial. If you are not clean, it might bring some goose bumps to you, and if you have a clean background, why would you like to hide anything. No one would like to be seen as a bad person. Even bad people they like to be seen as good people. With the first formulation, when we universalize it, the moral rule will act at the same time for the universal moral rules. It will not cause harm rather good when we know who were working with, whom am I choosing to be my secretary. The second also, we will not be using anyone to benefit ourselves. Its just be aware of the situation. In fact when they hide their criminal record they will be using us to benefit themselves, it will be wrong to hire an abuser to take care of your children as your maid.
Question 3:
Copyright:
Copyright is a form of protection provided to the authors of “original works” and includes such things as literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual creations, both published and unpublished.
Examples of copyright:
Ø Copyright © 1999 – 2008 Google
Ø Copyright © 2007 Discovery Communications Inc.
Patent:
A form of protection that provides a person or legal entity with exclusive rights for making, using or selling a concept or invention and excludes others from doing the same for the duration of the patent.
For example: special features that the phone cell companies nowadays try to gain them to be distinguished from the rest.
Trademark
A trademark is a word, symbol, or phrase, used to identify a particular manufacturer or seller's products and distinguish them from the products of another. It is a critical form of intellectual property that needs to be protected.
In essence it is a badge of origin that allows customers to distinguish the goods or services of one trader from those of another. In order to be registrar a trade mark must be:
• Distinctive for the goods or services in relation to which it is/will be used (i.e. it must not be exclusively descriptive of the kind, quality, quantity, intended purpose, value, geographical origin, or other characteristics of the goods or services)
• Not be generic or reasonably required for use in the relevant trade
• Not be deceptive, misleading, contrary to law or morality, or filed in bad faith
• Not identical or confusingly similar to any earlier marks for the same or similar goods/services
It is important that we not that a trademark does not expire, it can just be lost if it becomes common noun. For it to be declared a trade mark it should be registered with agencies and companies and individuals who have registered a trademark will pursue many legal avenues to protect it.
Trade Secret
Trade secrets are information that companies keep secret to give them an advantage over their competitors. The formula for Coca-Cola is the most famous trade secret.
Question 4:
When we analyze this issue with act utilitarianism, we sum up that it’s wrong to duplicate software’s. This is because it decreases the total happiness of the developers. It has lot of consequences that happiness. In fact software duplication is a crime in most countries which is punishable harshly. Duplication of software kills the industry; they won’t be making more profit like when they are sold well. Of course, some will be happy that they are getting free, but we know that duplicated software’s most times they are not stable, there have their own bugs, and they have security issues. These have the potential to destroy the reputation of the developers, people start to think they are not good, while the fact is that they bought or got low quality work. These will further reduce the completion level among the developers, as there is no motivation to be at the top. They don’t have any patent to keep. I
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